There are many ways to implement Windows Server Failover Clustering with Hyper-V. I could actually find five unique methods to do it. Some of them will actually not give you a fully fault-tolerant solution, but most of them actually make sense in specific scenarios (even if only for demonstrations). In any case, just trying to understand and differentiate them will probably be a good exercise.

1 – Parent-based Failover Clustering with two physical servers

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In this first scenario, probably the most common one, you implement Windows Server 2008 Failover Clustering at the Hyper-V Parent (Host) level. You will need some shared storage, like a Fibre-Channel or iSCSI SAN.

Here is a diagram describing the scenario before a failure:

Here is a diagram describing the scenario after a failure:

As you can see, this can survive the failure of one of the physical servers. In fact, if you have a redundant network and storage infrastructure (not shown above), you can have a truly highly available solution.

Additional details about this solution (including screenshots on how to configure it) are available at http://blogs.technet.com/josebda/archive/2008/04/14/snw-demo-windows-server-2008-core-hyper-v-and-failover-clustering-with-screenshots.aspx

2 – Child-based Failover Clustering with two physical servers

In this second scenario, you implement Windows Server 2008 Failover Clustering at the Hyper-V Child (Guest) level. In this case, your shared storage must be an iSCSI SAN.

Here is a diagram describing the scenario before a failure:

Here is a diagram describing the scenario after a failure:

This one can also survive the failure of one of the physical servers. Given redundant network and storage infrastructure (not shown above), you can again have a truly highly available solution.

3 – Mixed Physical/Virtual Failover Clustering

This third scenario is probably is one of the more unusual ones, but I have been asked about it at least a couple of times. Here you have a physical server clustered with a virtual one. If the physical server fails, the virtual sibling will take over the workload. This scenario uses dissimilar hardware with Failover Clustering, but if this is running Windows Server 2008, you can likely make it work. Just make sure you run the Failover Clustering Validation Wizard to confirm this is supported in your specific configuration. In this case, because you need to expose the LUNs directly to the child partition, your shared storage must again be an iSCSI SAN.

Here is a diagram describing the scenario before a failure:

Here is a diagram describing the scenario after a failure:

This can also survive the failure of one of the physical servers. If you configure the network and storage infrastructure to be fault tolerant (not shown above), you can have yet another truly highly available solution.

4 – Failover Clustering with two child partitions on one physical server

This scenario is also common. Here you have a single physical server running Hyper-V and two child partitions where you run Failover Clustering. If the physical server fails, both (virtual) cluster nodes will fail. Obviously, this is not useful for true high availability, but could be interesting for testing, training or demonstrations. In this case, your shared storage must be an iSCSI SAN.

Here is a diagram describing the scenario before a failure:

Here is a diagram describing the scenario after a failure:

This scenario cannot be made truly highly available even if your network and iSCSI SAN are redundant, since you have the physical server running Hyper-V as a single point of failure. The simulated failure can be achieved by turning off one of the child partitions in Hyper-V.

5 – Standalone demo laptop with Virtual iSCSI SAN

This last scenario is something I also get asked a lot. The goal here is to have a single laptop hosting an entire Failover Clustering demo with Hyper-V. In order to accomplish this, you need a virtual iSCSI SAN plus two child partitions to play the role of cluster nodes. To be the virtual iSCSI SAN, you can use an evaluation version of the Microsoft iSCSI Software Target described at http://blogs.technet.com/josebda/archive/2008/01/07/installing-the-evaluation-version-of-wudss-2003-refresh-and-the-microsoft-iscsi-software-target-version-3-1-on-a-vm.aspx. This is certainly not a true highly available solution, but it can be an interesting demo machine with no external network dependencies.

Here is a diagram describing the scenario before a failure:

Here is a diagram describing the scenario after a failure:

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As with the previous scenario, this one cannot be made truly highly available, for obvious reasons. In fact, this one only really makes sense for demonstrations or training. The simulated failure can once again be achieved by turning off one of the child partitions in Hyper-V. Knockout 2 plugin photoshop free download.

Conclusion

I hope this helped you understand the different options for using Failover Clustering with Hyper-V. Note also that you can combine some of these solutions, like the first and the second (some VMs using parent-based and some using child-based failover clustering).

For production use, it’s probably wise to restrict yourself to the first two scenarios. However, if you have a Hyper-V capable laptop and some free time, I would encourage you to try out the last one. Although not a supported production solution, it will certainly teach you a lot about all the technologies involved…

Links

Additional information about Windows Server 2008 Failover Clustering support
http://support.microsoft.com?id=943984

Failover Clustering support in previous versions of Windows Server
http://support.microsoft.com/?id=309395.

Step-by-Step Guide to Getting Started with Hyper-V
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=bcaa9707-0228-4860-b088-dd261ca0c80d&DisplayLang=en

Step-by-Step Guide for Testing Hyper-V and Failover Clustering
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=CD828712-8D1E-45D1-A290-7EDADF1E4E9C&displaylang=en

Failover Cluster Step-by-Step Guide: Configuring a Two-Node File Server Failover Cluster
http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/library/adbf1eb3-a225-4344-9086-115a9389a2691033.mspx

Additional details on Storage Options for Hyper-V
http://blogs.technet.com/josebda/archive/2008/02/14/storage-options-for-windows-server-2008-s-hyper-v.aspx
http://blogs.technet.com/josebda/archive/2008/03/06/more-on-storage-options-for-windows-server-2008-s-hyper-v.aspx.

Creating a failover clustering means you have at least two servers connected to a shared storage.

• Windows Server 2008/R2: Failover Clustering feature is available with Windows Server 2008/R2 Enterprise/Data Center editions. You don't have this feature with the Standard edition of Windows Server 2008/R2.
• Domain role: All servers in the cluster must be in the same Active Directory domain.
• DNS: The servers in the cluster must be using Domain Name System (DNS) for name resolution.
• Account for administering the cluster : When you create a cluster or add servers to it, you must be logged on to the domain with an account that has administrator rights on all servers in that cluster ( if the account is not a Domain Admins account, the account must be given the Create Computer Objects and Read All Properties permissions in the domain ).
• Servers : Two identical servers in brand, model and configurations.
• Device Controllers ( HBA ): i/SCSI or Fiber , both also to be the identical.
• Storage : You must use shared storage that is compatible with Windows Server 2008 R2.

1. To install Failover feature, open Server Manager, click on Start > Administrative Tools > Server Manager
   
2. Expand Features, and then click on Add Feature.
   The list of available features will be listed, select the Failover Clustering and click on Next
   Click Install
   
3. The Failover Clustering feature will be installed. Click Close
   

1. Again on Server B, we will need to install Failover Clustering feature as well, so click on Start > All Programs > Administrative Tools >Server Manager
   Click on Features and then click on Add Features
   
2. Choose the Failover Clustering feature and click Next
   
3. Confirm installing Failover Clustering by clicking on Install
   Close the Add Features Wizard once installation is completed.
   

1. The first step in creating a successful failover clustering, is by validating the existing systems and shared storage. This is done by the optionValidate a Configuration
   When you click on Validate a Configuration, you will need to browse and add the Cluster nodes, these are the servers that will be part of the cluster, then click Next
   Choose to Run all tests and click Next
   The available tests will be displayed in the confirmation window, click Next to begin validating your cluster
   Review the validation report, as your configuration might have few issues with it and needs to be addresses before setting up your cluster.
   
2. Now that the configuration is validated and you are ready to setup your cluster. Click on the second option, Create a Cluster, the wizard will launch, read it and then click Next
   
3. You need to add the names of the servers you want to have in the cluster. You can start creating your cluster with a single server and then add other nodes in the future.
   Browse to your servers and then once all the servers ( nodes ) are listed, click Next
   
4. After the servers are selected, you need to type a name and IP for your Cluster
   
5. On the Confirmation window, review your settings. The following will be displayed in this window: cluster name and IP address, selected servers name. If all info is proper, then click Next. Else click Previous and correct which setting needs to be adjusted.
   After you click Next, creating the cluster will begin.
6. The summary windows will be displayed after a successful setup of the cluster.
   
7. Open Failover Cluster Manager and you will see your nodes and setting inside the MMC. Here you can configure your cluster, add new nodes, remove nodes, add more disk storage and so on.